Overview:
Some of the search and rescue activities involve enclosed spaces and crawling. Be mindful that some participants may feel claustrophobic during these exercises. Reassure participants that they can stop the exercise at any time.
Main Message:
Fire fighters essentially operate “in the blind” during search and rescue at the scene of an emergency. Before fire fighters can enter a building to make an internal attack on a fire or perform rescue, there must be at least four fire fighters on the scene to comply with the 2-in/2-out regulation established by OSHA. This regulation assures capacity for rescuing fire fighters should an emergency occur. At least two fire fighters are required to enter a structure fire to locate and remove victims.
Tasks Involved in Search and Rescue Operations:
The following are the basic tasks involved in
search and rescue operations. Local unions can use a combination or variation of these tasks to suit their needs.
I. Confined Space (maze/crawl with mask)
Applicable NFPA standard (1620)
Talking Points:
All search and rescue activities are performed with a partner while maintaining constant communication with safety personnel outside the structure.
Structural fire search and rescue is typically performed blind, due to heavy smoke. Fire fighters typically do not have prior knowledge of the structural layout, making the search more hazardous.
It is important to crawl on the floor to avoid toxic fumes.
II. Smoke House (rescue victim)
Applicable NFPA standards (92A, 92B)
Talking Points:
The atmosphere is poisoned by toxic gases; superheated to 1400°,
with is no visibility in the building.
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